3 瓦斯科·达伽马(第7/7页)


[1] Oliviera e Costa,João Paulo. D. Manuel 1. Rio de Mouro,2005,p.176.

[2] 典出《新约·马太福音》20:16。

[3] Matthew 19:30.

[4] Barros,João de. Da Ásia. Década I,part 1,Lisbon,1778,pp.269-270.

[5] Góis,Damião de. Crónica do Felicissimo Rei D. Manuel. Vol. 1. Coimbra,1926,p.49.

[6] Bouchon,Geneviève. Albuquerque:Le Lion des Mers d'Asie. Paris,1997,p.101.

[7] Vasconcelos,Basílio de,ed. Itinerário do Dr. Jerónimo Münzer. Coimbra,1931,p.27.

[8] Vasconcelos,Basílio de,ed. Itinerário do Dr. Jerónimo Münzer. Coimbra,1931,p.22.

[9] Vasconcelos,Basílio de,ed. Itinerário do Dr. Jerónimo Münzer. Coimbra,1931,p.27.

[10] 武尔坎为罗马神话中的火神与工匠神。

[11] Vasconcelos,Basílio de,ed. Itinerário do Dr. Jerónimo Münzer. Coimbra,1931,p.27.

[12] 传入中国(明朝)后,被中国人称为“佛郎机炮”。佛郎机是明代对葡萄牙、西班牙的统称。

[13] 克拉克帆船是15世纪时盛行于地中海的一种三桅或四桅帆船。它的特征是巨大的弧形船尾,以及船首的巨大斜桅。克拉克帆船体型较大,稳定性好,是欧洲历史上第一种可用作远洋航行的船只。

[14] Pereira,Duarte Pacheco. Esmeraldo de Situ Orbis. Edited and translated by George H.T. Kimble. London,1937,p.166.

[15] “克鲁扎多”在葡萄牙语中的字面意思是“十字军战士”,是葡萄牙古时金币或银币的名称,面值和价值差别很大。巴西的货币也曾用这个名字。

[16] 1312年,圣殿骑士团遭到教皇克雷芒五世(受到法兰西国王腓力四世的怂恿)镇压。葡萄牙国王迪尼什一世保护了葡萄牙境内的圣殿骑士团组织,后来将其改建为“基督骑士团”。

[17] Barros,João de. Da Ásia. Década I,part 1,Lisbon,1778,p.273.

[18] Barros,João de. Da Ásia. Década I,part 1,Lisbon,1778,p.278.

[19] Barros,João de. Da Ásia. Década I,part 1,Lisbon,1778,p.276.

[20] Barros,João de. Da Ásia. Década I,part 1,Lisbon,1778,p.278.

[21] Barros,João de. Da Ásia. Década I,part 1,Lisbon,1778,p.278.

[22] Barros,João de. Da Ásia. Década I,part 1,Lisbon,1778,p.279.

[23] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.1.

[24] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.3.

[25] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.3.

[26] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.4.

[27] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.4.

[28] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.3.

[29] Disney,Anthony,and Emily Booth,eds. Vasco da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. Delhi,2000,p.89.

[30] 英寻为测水深的单位,1英寻合6英尺或1.8288米。

[31] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.5.

[32] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,pp.5-6.

[33] Bouchon,Geneviève. Albuquerque:Le Lion des Mers d'Asie. Paris,1997,p.111.

[34] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.7.

[35] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.8.

[36] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.12.

[37] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.11.

[38] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.16.

[39] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.20.

[40] Ravenstein,E.G.ed. and trans. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama,1497-99,London,1898,p.22.